Phloridzin

Phloridzin is a diabetic glucoside and phenol found in various plants, including apple trees. It was first isolated in 1835 by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut. Phloridzin is known for its ability to induce glucose excretion in urine, a condition known as glucosuria. It is also a potent inhibitor of SGLT1 and SGLT2, proteins responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidneys.

History

Phloridzin was first isolated in 1835 by French chemist Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut, during his research on the fermentation of glucose and other sugars. The compound was named after the Greek word "phloios", which means "bark", as it was first extracted from the bark of apple trees.

Sources

Phloridzin is found in a variety of plants, including apple trees, pear trees, and cherry trees. It is particularly concentrated in the roots and bark of these plants. Other sources of phloridzin include strawberries, tomatoes, and wheat.

Biological Effects

Phloridzin has several biological effects. It is a potent inhibitor of SGLT1 and SGLT2, proteins responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidneys. By inhibiting these proteins, phloridzin induces glucosuria, or the excretion of glucose in urine. This effect has led to the use of phloridzin in research on diabetes and kidney disease.

Phloridzin is also a phenol, a type of compound known for its antioxidant properties. As such, it may have potential benefits for heart health, though more research is needed in this area.

Research and Potential Uses

Phloridzin has been used in research on diabetes and kidney disease due to its ability to induce glucosuria. Some studies suggest that phloridzin may have potential as a treatment for these conditions, though more research is needed.

Phloridzin's antioxidant properties have also led to interest in its potential benefits for heart health. However, more research is needed to confirm these potential benefits and to understand how phloridzin might be used in treatment.

See Also

• Diabetes
• Glucosuria
• SGLT1
• SGLT2
• Phenol

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