Pityriasis simplex capillitii

Pityriasis simplex capillitii, commonly known as dandruff, is a common scalp condition marked by flaking of the skin on the scalp. While dandruff can be somewhat embarrassing and sometimes difficult to treat, it is not dangerous or contagious. The exact cause of pityriasis simplex capillitii is unknown, but various factors are believed to contribute to its development, including dry skin, oily skin, the growth of a specific type of fungus that lives on the scalp, and sensitivity to hair care products.

Causes and Risk Factors

The development of pityriasis simplex capillitii is influenced by several factors. One of the primary contributors is the fungus Malassezia, which exists naturally on the scalp. In some individuals, this fungus can grow out of control, leading to the irritation and excessive skin cell growth associated with dandruff. Other factors that may contribute include:

• Seborrheic dermatitis: This condition, characterized by oily and irritated skin, can lead to the development of dandruff.
• Dry skin: Flakes from dry skin are generally smaller and less oily than those from other causes of dandruff.
• Sensitivity to hair care products (contact dermatitis): Some people are sensitive to certain hair care products, which can cause a red, itchy, scaling scalp.
• Other skin conditions: Conditions like psoriasis and eczema can also manifest on the scalp, leading to symptoms similar to those of dandruff.

Symptoms

The most notable symptom of pityriasis simplex capillitii is the presence of flakes on the scalp, hair, and shoulders. Other symptoms may include:

• Itchy scalp
• Scalp redness
• Tingling or a sensation of tightness on the scalp

Treatment

Treatment for pityriasis simplex capillitii typically involves over-the-counter dandruff shampoos. The active ingredients in these shampoos may include:

• Zinc pyrithione
• Salicylic acid
• Selenium sulfide
• Ketoconazole
• Coal tar

In more severe cases, a dermatologist may prescribe a medicated shampoo or scalp treatment. It is also helpful to manage stress and maintain a healthy diet, as these can impact the severity of dandruff.

Prevention

Preventative measures for pityriasis simplex capillitii include:

• Washing the hair regularly with a gentle shampoo to reduce oiliness and skin cell buildup.
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques and regular exercise.
• Avoiding harsh hair care products that can lead to irritation or allergic reactions.

See Also

• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Psoriasis
• Eczema
• Malassezia