Plaster cast

Plaster cast is a medical treatment method used to immobilize, stabilize, and protect various body parts that have been broken or injured. It is typically made of plaster of Paris, a white powder that hardens when mixed with water, or fiberglass, a strong and lightweight material.

History

The use of plaster casts in medicine dates back to the ancient Egyptians, who used them to treat fractures and injuries. The technique was further developed in the 19th century by Antonius Mathijsen, a Dutch military surgeon, who introduced the use of plaster of Paris for casts.

Application

The application of a plaster cast is a multi-step process. First, a stockinette is applied over the injured area to protect the skin. Then, a layer of padding is added to cushion the area and prevent pressure sores. Finally, the plaster or fiberglass is applied and allowed to harden. The cast must be kept dry to maintain its rigidity and effectiveness.

Types of Plaster Casts

There are several types of plaster casts, including:

• Short arm cast: This type of cast is used for fractures of the hand or forearm.
• Long arm cast: This cast is used for fractures of the upper arm or elbow.
• Short leg cast: This cast is used for fractures of the foot or lower leg.
• Long leg cast: This cast is used for fractures of the thigh or knee.

Complications

While plaster casts are generally safe, they can sometimes lead to complications such as skin irritation, pressure sores, and infection. In rare cases, a condition known as compartment syndrome can occur, which is a medical emergency.

Removal

Plaster casts are typically removed using a special cast saw. This device has a vibrating blade that can cut through the cast material without injuring the skin.

See Also

• Splint
• Orthopedic cast
• Fracture