Pleuropericardial fold

Pleuropericardial Fold

The pleuropericardial fold is a structure found in the human body that plays an important role in the development and functioning of the heart and lungs. It is a fold of tissue that connects the pericardium, which is the protective sac surrounding the heart, to the pleura, which is the membrane that lines the lungs.

Anatomy

The pleuropericardial fold is located in the mediastinum, which is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It is formed by a double layer of serous membrane, known as the pleuropericardial membrane. This membrane consists of two layers: the parietal layer, which lines the pericardium, and the visceral layer, which covers the heart.

The pleuropericardial fold extends from the posterior surface of the pericardium to the mediastinal pleura. It forms a barrier between the heart and the lungs, preventing any direct contact between these two organs.

Function

The primary function of the pleuropericardial fold is to provide stability and support to the heart and lungs. It helps to maintain the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity and prevents excessive movement during respiration.

Additionally, the pleuropericardial fold acts as a barrier, separating the heart from the lungs. This is important because the heart and lungs have different functions and should not come into direct contact with each other. The fold helps to protect the heart from any potential damage that could be caused by the movement of the lungs during breathing.

Clinical Significance

The pleuropericardial fold can sometimes become thickened or calcified, leading to a condition known as pleuropericardial adhesion. This condition can restrict the movement of the heart and lungs, causing symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and reduced exercise tolerance. Treatment options for pleuropericardial adhesion may include medication, physical therapy, or in severe cases, surgical intervention.

Related Topics

• Pericardium: The protective sac surrounding the heart.
• Pleura: The membrane that lines the lungs.
• Mediastinum: The central compartment of the thoracic cavity.
• Respiration: The process of breathing.