Podocytes

Podocytes are cells in the Bowman's capsule in the kidneys that wrap around capillaries of the glomerulus. The Bowman's capsule filters the blood, retaining large molecules such as proteins while smaller molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts pass through into the urine.

Structure

Podocytes are a type of epithelial cell that are found in the Bowman's capsule in the kidneys. They have a unique structure, with major processes or 'feet' known as pedicels, which wrap around the capillaries of the glomerulus. These pedicels form filtration slits, through which the blood is filtered.

Function

The primary function of podocytes is to filter blood in the kidneys. They form a barrier that prevents large molecules from passing into the urine. This is achieved through the formation of filtration slits between the pedicels of the podocytes. These slits are small enough to prevent the passage of large proteins, but allow smaller molecules to pass through.

Clinical significance

Damage to podocytes can lead to proteinuria, a condition characterized by the presence of excess proteins in the urine. This can be a sign of kidney disease, including glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. In addition, mutations in genes that regulate podocyte function can lead to nephrotic syndrome, a condition characterized by proteinuria, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, and swelling.

See also

• Nephron
• Renal corpuscle
• Renal physiology

References

Podocytes Resources
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