Distal convoluted tubule

Distal Convoluted Tubule

The Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) is a portion of the kidney nephron between the Loop of Henle and the Collecting Duct System. It plays a crucial role in the reabsorption of ions, water, and other substances from the urine.

Function

The DCT is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions, and the secretion of potassium (K+) ions. It also plays a role in the regulation of pH by reabsorbing bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions and secreting hydrogen (H+) ions.

Structure

The DCT is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium with fewer microvilli, which differentiates it from the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT). The cells of the DCT, known as DCT cells, have a smaller diameter than those of the PCT.

Clinical Significance

Dysfunction of the DCT can lead to various kidney disorders, including hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and Bartter syndrome. Certain drugs, such as thiazide diuretics, work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the DCT.

See Also

• Nephron
• Renal physiology
• Renal tubule

References

Distal convoluted tubule Resources
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