Pressure sore

Pressure sore (also known as bed sore or decubitus ulcer) is a type of injury that affects areas of the skin and underlying tissue. It is caused by prolonged pressure on the skin, particularly on bony areas of the body, such as the heels, ankles, hips, and tailbone.

Causes

Pressure sores are caused by three main factors: pressure, friction, and shear. Pressure is the primary cause and it occurs when the skin and the underlying tissues are trapped between a bone and a surface such as a bed or a wheelchair. Friction occurs when the skin rubs against clothing or bedding. Shear occurs when the skin moves in one direction and the underlying bone moves in the opposite direction.

Symptoms

The symptoms of pressure sores depend on their stage. In the early stages, the skin may appear red or discolored. It may also feel warm to the touch and may be itchy. In the later stages, the skin may become damaged and may develop into an open sore or a blister. In severe cases, the damage can extend to the muscles and bones.

Treatment

The treatment for pressure sores includes relieving the pressure that caused the sore, taking care of the wound, controlling pain, preventing infection, and maintaining good nutrition. In some cases, surgery may be needed to repair the damage.

Prevention

Prevention of pressure sores involves regular movement and repositioning, using special mattresses or cushions, maintaining good skin hygiene, and ensuring a healthy diet and adequate fluid intake.

See also

• Skin ulcer
• Wound healing
• Bedridden

References

Pressure sore Resources
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