Radio-ulnar synostosis type 2
Radio-ulnar Synostosis Type 2
Radio-ulnar synostosis type 2 is a rare congenital condition characterized by the abnormal fusion of the radius and ulna bones in the forearm. This fusion restricts the normal rotational movement of the forearm, known as pronation and supination. The condition is typically present at birth and can affect one or both arms.
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Radio-ulnar synostosis type 2 is believed to result from a developmental defect during embryogenesis. The exact cause is not well understood, but it may involve genetic factors. Some cases have been associated with specific genetic syndromes, while others occur sporadically.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Patients with radio-ulnar synostosis type 2 often present with limited forearm rotation. The degree of limitation can vary, but in severe cases, the forearm may be fixed in a pronated position. This can lead to functional difficulties, particularly in activities that require forearm rotation, such as turning a doorknob or using utensils.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination and confirmed with imaging studies. X-rays of the forearm can reveal the bony fusion between the radius and ulna. In some cases, additional imaging such as CT or MRI may be used to assess the extent of the synostosis and to plan surgical intervention if necessary.
Management[edit | edit source]
Treatment of radio-ulnar synostosis type 2 depends on the severity of the condition and the functional impairment experienced by the patient. In mild cases, conservative management with physical therapy may be sufficient. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered to improve forearm function. Surgical options include osteotomy to separate the fused bones, although this is technically challenging and may not always result in improved function.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with radio-ulnar synostosis type 2 varies. Some individuals adapt well to the limitations and lead normal lives, while others may experience significant functional impairment. Early intervention and rehabilitation can improve outcomes.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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