Renalase

Renalase rxn 150215

Renalase is a flavoprotein enzyme that is primarily secreted by the kidneys. It plays a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiovascular function. Renalase is involved in the metabolism of catecholamines, such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, which are critical for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis.

Structure and Function

Renalase is a monoamine oxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of catecholamines. The enzyme is composed of a single polypeptide chain and contains a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor. The structure of renalase allows it to bind to catecholamines and facilitate their breakdown, thereby modulating their levels in the bloodstream.

Physiological Role

Renalase is secreted into the bloodstream by the kidneys and circulates throughout the body. It has been shown to lower blood pressure by degrading circulating catecholamines, which are known to increase heart rate and vascular resistance. By reducing the levels of these hormones, renalase helps to maintain normal blood pressure and prevent hypertension.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in renalase levels have been associated with various cardiovascular diseases. Low levels of renalase have been linked to chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Research is ongoing to determine whether renalase can be used as a biomarker for these conditions or as a potential therapeutic target.

Research and Development

Studies are being conducted to better understand the regulation of renalase expression and its exact mechanism of action. There is also interest in developing renalase-based therapies for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders.

See Also

• Kidney
• Blood pressure
• Cardiovascular system
• Catecholamines
• Hypertension
• Chronic kidney disease
• Heart failure
• Myocardial infarction