Rh factor

Rh factor is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. It is an important element in blood transfusion and pregnancy, as it can cause complications if the mother and baby have different Rh factors.

Overview

The Rh factor, also known as the Rhesus factor, is a protein that can be present on the surface of red blood cells. Most people have this protein and are Rh positive (Rh+). However, about 15% of Caucasians, 5-8% of African Americans, and a small percentage of Asians and Native Americans are Rh negative (Rh-). This means they lack the Rh factor protein on their red blood cells.

Rh factor and blood transfusion

The Rh factor is crucial in blood transfusion. If a person who is Rh- receives Rh+ blood, their body may produce antibodies to attack the Rh factor. This is known as Rh incompatibility and can lead to a potentially fatal condition called hemolytic disease.

Rh factor and pregnancy

In pregnancy, if the mother is Rh- and the baby is Rh+, the mother's body may produce antibodies against the baby's blood, a condition known as Rh disease. This can lead to serious health problems for the baby, including anemia, jaundice, brain damage, and heart failure. However, this condition can be prevented with a medication called Rho(D) immune globulin.

Prevention and treatment

Rh incompatibility can be prevented and treated with a medication called Rho(D) immune globulin. This medication is given to Rh- pregnant women during their pregnancy and after the birth of an Rh+ baby. It can also be given to Rh- people who have received an Rh+ blood transfusion.

See also

• Blood type
• Blood transfusion
• Hemolytic disease of the newborn
• Rho(D) immune globulin

Rh factor Resources
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