Serum total protein

Serum total protein‏‎, also known as total protein, is a biochemical test for measuring the total amount of protein in serum. It is a part of routine laboratory tests and is used in the diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases and conditions.

Overview

Proteins are essential components of all living organisms and perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysis of enzymes, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. In the human body, proteins are present in all body fluids except for bile and urine.

Serum total protein measurement includes all the proteins in the serum, including albumin and globulin. Albumin is the most abundant protein in the serum, and it helps to maintain the body's osmotic pressure. Globulins are a group of proteins that include immunoglobulins or antibodies, which are essential for immune function.

Measurement

Serum total protein is usually measured by a colorimetric assay, which involves a reaction that produces a color. The intensity of the color is proportional to the concentration of protein in the serum. The normal range for serum total protein is typically 6.0 to 8.3 grams per deciliter (g/dL), but this can vary depending on the laboratory.

Clinical significance

Abnormal levels of serum total protein can indicate a variety of conditions. High levels can be seen in conditions such as multiple myeloma, autoimmune diseases, and chronic infections. Low levels can be seen in conditions such as liver disease, kidney disease, and malnutrition.

It's important to note that abnormal levels of serum total protein are not diagnostic of any specific condition. They are usually indicative of some underlying abnormality that requires further investigation.

See also

• Blood test
• Clinical pathology
• Protein electrophoresis