Solvents

Solvents are substances that have the ability to dissolve other substances (solutes), creating a solution. Solvents can be solid, liquid, or gas. The most common solvent in everyday life is water. Other solvents include ethyl alcohol, acetone, ether, and chloroform.

Types of Solvents

Solvents can be broadly classified into two categories: polar solvents and non-polar solvents.

Polar Solvents

Polar solvents have a net dipole due to the presence of polar bonds. Examples of polar solvents include water, ethanol, and acetic acid.

Non-Polar Solvents

Non-polar solvents do not have a net dipole. Examples of non-polar solvents include hexane, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride.

Uses of Solvents

Solvents are used in a variety of applications, including in paints, adhesives, cleaning agents, and in pharmaceuticals.

In Paints

Solvents are used in paints to dissolve the pigment and to change the viscosity of the paint for application.

In Adhesives

In adhesives, solvents are used to dissolve the adhesive resin to create a solution that can be applied.

In Cleaning Agents

Solvents are used in cleaning agents to dissolve dirt and grease.

In Pharmaceuticals

In pharmaceuticals, solvents are used to dissolve medicinal compounds to create a solution or suspension.

Health Effects

Exposure to solvents can have various health effects, depending on the type of solvent and the level of exposure. These can range from skin and eye irritation to more serious effects such as neurological damage and cancer.

See Also

• Polar solvents
• Non-polar solvents
• Paints
• Adhesives
• Cleaning agents
• Pharmaceuticals

Solvents Resources
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