Fougasse

Fougasse is a type of bread that is associated with Provence, France but can be found with variations in other regions and countries. It is known for its distinctive slashed or leaf-like shape, which allows it to bake quickly. Traditionally, fougasse was used to assess the temperature of a wood-fired oven, the idea being that if the bread could bake properly, the oven was ready for the main baking. Today, it is enjoyed for its crispy texture and flavorful additions such as olives, cheese, anchovies, or herbs.

History

The origins of fougasse can be traced back to ancient Rome, where a similar bread known as panis focacius was baked in the ashes of the hearth. The name "fougasse" itself is derived from this Roman term, which later evolved in the Middle Ages to become a staple part of the Provençal diet. Over time, the bread's popularity spread across France and into other countries, leading to the development of regional variations.

Ingredients and Preparation

The basic ingredients of fougasse are similar to those of most breads: flour, water, yeast, and salt. What sets it apart are the additions mixed into the dough or sprinkled on top before baking. Common flavorings include olives, cheese, anchovies, and herbs like rosemary or thyme. The dough is rolled out, then slashed in a pattern that resembles a leaf or an ear of wheat, which not only gives it its distinctive appearance but also allows it to bake more evenly.

Variations

While the Provençal version is perhaps the most well-known, other regions in France and countries around the Mediterranean have their own versions of fougasse. In some areas, it is sweetened with additions like orange flower water or sugar. The Italian counterpart, known as focaccia, is thicker and often topped with onion, tomato, and other vegetables.

Cultural Significance

Fougasse is more than just a type of bread in Provence; it is a symbol of hospitality and community. Sharing a fougasse with family or guests is a sign of welcome. The bread is often featured in celebrations and holidays, where it is enjoyed alongside other regional dishes.

See Also

• Bread
• Focaccia
• Provençal cuisine
• French cuisine

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