Spitzoid melanoma

Spitzoid melanoma is a rare and unique subtype of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. It is named after Sophie Spitz, who first described the lesion in 1948. Spitzoid melanoma is often characterized by its distinctive histological features, which can resemble Spitz nevus, a benign skin lesion.

Epidemiology

Spitzoid melanoma is relatively rare, accounting for less than 1% of all melanoma cases. It can occur in individuals of any age, but is most commonly diagnosed in young adults and children.

Clinical Features

Clinically, spitzoid melanoma often presents as a rapidly growing, dome-shaped, pink or red nodule. It can occur anywhere on the body, but is most commonly found on the head and neck, followed by the extremities.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of spitzoid melanoma can be challenging due to its histological similarities with Spitz nevus. It often requires a combination of clinical, histological, and molecular features. Dermoscopy and histopathology are commonly used diagnostic tools.

Treatment

The primary treatment for spitzoid melanoma is surgical excision. The extent of the surgery depends on the thickness of the tumor. In some cases, lymph node evaluation may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis of spitzoid melanoma is generally favorable, especially when diagnosed early. However, like all melanomas, it can metastasize and become life-threatening.

Research

Research into spitzoid melanoma is ongoing, with a focus on improving diagnostic techniques and understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease.

See Also

• Melanoma
• Spitz nevus
• Skin cancer