Sputum analysis

Sputum Analysis is a diagnostic procedure used to detect and identify bacteria or fungi that infect the lungs and breathing passages. Sputum is a thick fluid produced in the lungs and in the adjacent airways. A sample of sputum is collected in a sterile container and sent to the laboratory for testing.

Collection of Sputum

The collection of sputum is a critical step in the sputum analysis process. The patient is usually asked to cough deeply and then spit the material that comes up from the lungs into a sterile cup. This sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Sputum Analysis Procedure

The sputum sample is first examined under a microscope to identify any abnormal cells. This is known as a cytology exam. The sample is then cultured in a laboratory to identify any bacteria or fungi that may be present. This process can take a few days to complete.

Uses of Sputum Analysis

Sputum analysis is used to diagnose bacterial or fungal infections of the lungs, such as pneumonia or tuberculosis. It can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for these conditions. In addition, sputum analysis can help to identify lung diseases such as lung cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Limitations of Sputum Analysis

While sputum analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool, it does have some limitations. For example, it may not provide a definitive diagnosis in all cases. In addition, the quality of the sputum sample can affect the accuracy of the results.

See Also

• Bronchoscopy
• Pulmonary Function Test
• Chest X-ray