Syndactyly between 4 and 5

Syndactyly between 4 and 5 refers to a congenital condition characterized by the fusion of the fourth and fifth fingers or toes. This condition can vary in severity, from partial to complete fusion, and can involve the bones, skin, or both. Syndactyly is one of the most common congenital malformations of the limbs, and while it can occur independently, it is often seen as part of a syndrome or a broader congenital anomaly.

Causes and Genetics

The exact cause of syndactyly is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The condition can be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning only one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Several genes have been associated with syndactyly, including those involved in limb development during embryogenesis.

Classification

Syndactyly is classified into several types based on the extent of fusion and the digits involved. The classification of syndactyly between the fourth and fifth digits falls under the category of simple syndactyly if it involves only the soft tissues, and complex or complicated syndactyly if the bones are also fused.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Individuals with syndactyly between the fourth and fifth digits may have fused fingers or toes that can affect the function and appearance of the hand or foot. The severity of the symptoms can vary widely. Diagnosis is typically made based on physical examination, and in some cases, X-ray imaging is used to determine the extent of bone involvement.

Treatment

Treatment for syndactyly between the fourth and fifth digits often involves surgery, especially if the condition affects the function of the hand or foot. The goal of surgery is to separate the fused digits to improve mobility and appearance. Surgical intervention is usually recommended in early childhood to ensure optimal outcomes.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with syndactyly between the fourth and fifth digits is generally good, especially with early surgical intervention. Most individuals are able to achieve normal function of the affected hand or foot after surgery.

See Also

• Congenital malformation
• Hand surgery
• Genetic disorder

Resources

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Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Syndactyly between 4 and 5 for any updates.

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