Syndactyly

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Syndactyly
Synonyms	Webbed fingers, webbed toes
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fused fingers or toes
Complications	Impaired hand function, cosmetic concerns
Onset	Congenital
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation
Risks	Family history
Diagnosis	Physical examination, X-ray
Differential diagnosis	Polydactyly, Cleft hand
Prevention	None
Treatment	Surgery
Medication	None
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	1 in 2,000-3,000 births
Deaths	N/A

Syndactyly

Introduction

Syndactyly is a congenital condition characterized by the fusion of fingers or toes. It is one of the most common congenital hand anomalies, affecting the development of the digits, leading to them being webbed or joined together.

Classification

Syndactyly is classified into several types based on the extent of fusion and the digits involved. The classification system includes simple syndactyly, where only the skin is fused, and complex syndactyly, involving the fusion of bones and other tissues.

Causes and Genetics

The exact cause of syndactyly is often unknown, but it can be associated with genetic factors. In some cases, it occurs as part of a genetic syndrome, such as Apert Syndrome or Poland Syndrome.

Epidemiology

Syndactyly can affect anyone but is more commonly seen in males than females. The frequency of occurrence varies among different populations and ethnic groups.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is typically made at birth or during a prenatal ultrasound. In more complex cases, imaging studies like X-rays may be required to assess the extent of bone involvement.

Treatment and Management

Surgical correction of Syndactyly

Treatment often involves surgical intervention to separate the fused digits. The timing and approach to surgery depend on the severity and type of syndactyly. In cases with minimal fusion, surgery may not be necessary.

Complications and Prognosis

While most individuals with syndactyly have normal hand and foot function, complications can include limited range of motion, aesthetic concerns, and, in rare cases, psychosocial impact.

See Also

• Congenital Anomalies
• Hand Surgery
• Pediatric Orthopedics

References

1. [Link to a medical journal article on Syndactyly] 2. [Link to a health information site with details on Syndactyly]

External Links

• OrthoInfo - Syndactyly
• National Center for Biotechnology Information - Syndactyly