Tap dance

File:Tapdance-japan-stationfront.ogv Tap Dance

Tap dance is a form of dance characterized by using the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion. As a dance form, it is distinguished by its use of rhythm, syncopation, and improvisation. Tap dance has a rich history and has evolved over time, incorporating elements from various cultures and dance traditions.

History

Tap dance originated in the United States during the 19th century, evolving from a blend of African American, Irish, and English dance traditions. The fusion of these styles occurred in the urban environments of the United States, particularly in New York City.

Early Influences

The early influences of tap dance can be traced back to the Juba dance, a form of dance brought to America by enslaved Africans. This dance involved rhythmic clapping and footwork, which laid the groundwork for tap dance. Additionally, Irish and English clog dancing contributed to the development of tap dance, with their emphasis on intricate footwork and percussive sounds.

Vaudeville and Broadway

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, tap dance became a popular feature in vaudeville shows and Broadway musicals. Performers such as Bill "Bojangles" Robinson and Fred Astaire helped to popularize tap dance, showcasing its versatility and entertainment value.

Jazz Era

During the Jazz Age, tap dance became closely associated with jazz music. The improvisational nature of jazz music complemented the rhythmic and spontaneous elements of tap dance. This era saw the rise of legendary tap dancers such as John Bubbles and Eleanor Powell, who pushed the boundaries of the art form.

Techniques

Tap dance is characterized by its use of tap shoes, which have metal plates attached to the heel and toe. These shoes create a distinctive sound when struck against a hard surface. Tap dancers use a variety of techniques to produce different sounds and rhythms.

Basic Steps

Some basic steps in tap dance include the "shuffle," "flap," "ball change," and "cramp roll." These steps form the foundation of tap dance and are combined to create more complex routines.

Improvisation

Improvisation is a key element of tap dance, allowing dancers to express their creativity and respond to the music in real-time. This aspect of tap dance is often highlighted in performances and competitions.

Styles

Tap dance has evolved into several distinct styles, each with its own characteristics and influences.

Rhythm Tap

Rhythm tap focuses on the musicality and percussive elements of tap dance. Dancers emphasize complex rhythms and syncopation, often performing without musical accompaniment.

Broadway Tap

Broadway tap is more theatrical and often incorporates elements of musical theater. This style is characterized by its emphasis on presentation and storytelling through dance.

Classical Tap

Classical tap combines elements of ballet and tap dance, creating a more graceful and fluid style. This style often features intricate footwork and elegant movements.

Cultural Impact

Tap dance has had a significant impact on popular culture, influencing music, film, and theater. It has been featured in numerous films, such as "Singin' in the Rain" and "42nd Street," and continues to be a popular form of entertainment.

Also see

• Jazz dance
• Ballet
• Modern dance
• Hip hop dance
• Percussive dance