Thoracic spine

Thoracic Spine

The thoracic spine, also known as the mid-back or upper back, is a complex structure that plays a crucial role in the human anatomy. It is located between the cervical spine (neck) and the lumbar spine (lower back), and is composed of twelve vertebrae that are designated T1 through T12.

Structure

Each thoracic vertebra has a body, which is the main part of the vertebra, a vertebral arch, which forms a ring around the spinal cord, and several processes for muscular and ligamentous attachments. The thoracic spine is unique in that each of its vertebrae also has facets on the sides of the bodies for articulation with the ribs.

Function

The thoracic spine serves several important functions. It protects the spinal cord and spinal nerves, supports the body's weight, and provides a stable structure for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. The thoracic spine also provides the flexibility and mobility needed for movements such as bending and twisting.

Clinical significance

Conditions that can affect the thoracic spine include herniated disc, spinal stenosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. These conditions can cause symptoms such as back pain, stiffness, and limited mobility. Treatment options for thoracic spine conditions can range from conservative measures such as physical therapy and medication to surgical interventions.

See also

• Spinal cord
• Vertebra
• Spinal stenosis
• Kyphosis
• Scoliosis