Townsville

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City in Queensland, Australia

Townsville Queensland
Coordinates	19°15 S°146
Population	180,820 (2021)
• Density
Established	1864
Postcode(s)	4810
Elevation	11 m (36 ft)
Area	693.3 km2 (267.7  sq mi)
Time zone	AEST (UTC+10:00)
Location	1,348 km (  mi) NNW of Brisbane 348 km (216  mi) SSE of Cairns 1,350 km (  mi) N of Sydney 2,000 km (  mi) N of Melbourne
LGA(s)	City of Townsville
Region	North Queensland
State electorate(s)	Townsville
Federal division(s)	Herbert

Townsville is a city on the north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia. It is in the dry tropics region of Queensland, adjacent to the central section of the Great Barrier Reef. Townsville is Australia's largest urban centre north of the Sunshine Coast, with a population of 180,820 as of the 2021 census.

History

Townsville was established in 1864 by Robert Towns, after whom the city is named. The city was initially developed as a port for the export of cattle and sugar cane from the surrounding areas. During World War II, Townsville played a significant role as a military base for the Allied forces.

Geography

Townsville lies on the shores of Cleveland Bay and is bordered by the Ross River to the south. The city is dominated by Castle Hill, a large pink granite monolith in the centre of the city. The Great Barrier Reef lies offshore, and the city is a gateway to the Wet Tropics of Queensland.

Climate

Townsville has a tropical savanna climate, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The wet season typically runs from November to April, while the dry season spans from May to October. The city experiences high temperatures and humidity during the wet season, with occasional cyclones.

Economy

Townsville's economy is diverse, with key industries including government administration, education, healthcare, retail, and manufacturing. The city is also a major service centre for the surrounding rural areas and the mining industry in the region.

Education

Townsville is home to several educational institutions, including James Cook University, which is renowned for its research in marine sciences, tropical health, and biodiversity. The city also has numerous primary and secondary schools, both public and private.

Transport

Townsville is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The Bruce Highway and the Flinders Highway provide road links to other parts of Queensland. The North Coast railway line connects Townsville to Brisbane and Cairns. Townsville Airport offers domestic flights to major Australian cities.

Culture and Attractions

Townsville hosts a variety of cultural and recreational activities. The Museum of Tropical Queensland and the Reef HQ Aquarium are popular attractions. The city also has a vibrant arts scene, with the Perc Tucker Regional Gallery and the Townsville Civic Theatre hosting regular exhibitions and performances.

Sports

Townsville is home to several sports teams, including the North Queensland Cowboys in the National Rugby League and the Townsville Fire in the Women's National Basketball League. The city has numerous sporting facilities, including the Queensland Country Bank Stadium.

Sister Cities

Townsville has several sister city relationships, including:

• Shunan, Japan
• Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
• Iloilo City, Philippines

Notable People

• Johnathan Thurston, former professional rugby league player
• Scott Morrison, former Prime Minister of Australia (born in Waverley, New South Wales, but spent part of his childhood in Townsville)

See Also

• List of cities in Australia
• North Queensland
• Great Barrier Reef