Transient myeloproliferative disease
(Redirected from Transient abnormal myelopoiesis)
| Transient myeloproliferative disease | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Transient abnormal myelopoiesis, transient leukemia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, anemia, thrombocytopenia |
| Complications | Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia |
| Onset | Neonatal period |
| Duration | Usually resolves within 3 months |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutation in GATA1 |
| Risks | Down syndrome |
| Diagnosis | Complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy, genetic testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Acute myeloid leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Supportive care, chemotherapy if severe |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good, but risk of developing leukemia later |
| Frequency | Occurs in approximately 10% of newborns with Down syndrome |
| Deaths | N/A |
Transient myeloproliferative disease (TMD) is a condition that affects the blood cells of newborn infants. It is characterized by an overproduction of immature white blood cells, called blast cells, which can lead to various health problems. TMD is often associated with Down syndrome, and it is sometimes referred to as transient leukemia.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of TMD can vary greatly from one infant to another. Some infants may show no symptoms at all, while others may experience:
- Jaundice
- Anemia
- Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)
- Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen)
- Respiratory distress
- Skin rash
Causes[edit | edit source]
TMD is caused by a mutation in the GATA1 gene. This mutation leads to the overproduction of blast cells. The exact reason why this mutation occurs is not yet fully understood.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of TMD is usually made through a blood test or bone marrow biopsy. These tests can reveal the presence of an unusually high number of blast cells.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for TMD often involves supportive care, such as blood transfusions to treat anemia and thrombocytopenia. In some cases, chemotherapy may be used to reduce the number of blast cells. Most infants with TMD recover without treatment within three months.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for infants with TMD is generally good. Most infants recover without treatment within three months. However, infants with TMD have a higher risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) later in life.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
