Wasting syndrome

Wasting syndrome is a medical condition characterized by the loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight. It is often associated with AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), cancer, and other serious illnesses.

Causes

The primary cause of wasting syndrome is severe, ongoing illness, particularly infections such as HIV and tuberculosis, and cancers. The body's response to these diseases often leads to increased metabolism, which can result in weight loss and muscle wasting. Other causes can include malnutrition, malabsorption, or severe injury.

Symptoms

The main symptom of wasting syndrome is rapid weight loss, particularly loss of muscle mass. Other symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite. In severe cases, the individual may also experience cognitive changes such as confusion or memory loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of wasting syndrome typically involves a physical examination and a review of the individual's medical history. Blood tests may be used to check for underlying conditions such as HIV or cancer. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to examine tissue samples.

Treatment

Treatment for wasting syndrome typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve antiretroviral therapy for HIV, chemotherapy for cancer, or nutritional support for individuals with malnutrition. In some cases, medications may be used to stimulate appetite or slow muscle loss.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with wasting syndrome depends on the underlying cause of the condition. With appropriate treatment, it is possible for individuals to regain weight and muscle mass. However, in severe cases or when the underlying condition is not treatable, the prognosis may be poor.

See also

• Cachexia
• Malnutrition
• Anorexia nervosa

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