White ash

White ash (Fraxinus americana) is a species of ash tree native to eastern and central North America. It is found in a variety of habitats, including forests, woodlands, and riparian zones. The white ash is known for its strong, straight-grained wood, which is highly valued for a variety of uses.

Description

White ash is a medium to large deciduous tree, typically reaching heights of 15–30 meters (50–100 feet) with a trunk diameter of 0.6–1.2 meters (2–4 feet). The bark is gray and furrowed, and the leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, with 5–9 leaflets. The leaflets are ovate to lanceolate, with serrated margins. The tree produces small, inconspicuous flowers in the spring, which are followed by clusters of winged seeds known as samaras.

Distribution and Habitat

White ash is native to a wide range of habitats in eastern and central North America, from Nova Scotia and Minnesota south to Florida and Texas. It is commonly found in mixed hardwood forests, often growing alongside species such as red maple (Acer rubrum), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), and American beech (Fagus grandifolia).

Ecology

White ash plays an important role in its ecosystem, providing habitat and food for a variety of wildlife. The seeds are eaten by birds and small mammals, while the leaves are browsed by deer. The tree is also a host for several species of Lepidoptera.

Uses

The wood of the white ash is highly valued for its strength, elasticity, and shock resistance. It is commonly used in the manufacture of baseball bats, tool handles, furniture, and flooring. The tree is also planted as an ornamental shade tree in urban and suburban areas.

Threats

White ash is currently threatened by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), an invasive beetle that has caused significant mortality in ash populations across North America. Efforts to control the spread of the emerald ash borer include biological control, chemical treatments, and the development of resistant ash varieties.

Related Pages

• Fraxinus
• Emerald ash borer
• Deciduous tree
• Riparian zone
• Mixed hardwood forest