Gland

Gland is an organ in the human body that synthesizes substances such as hormones for release into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland).

Types of Glands

Glands can be categorized into two main types:

• Endocrine glands: These glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream. They include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and the pancreas.

• Exocrine glands: These glands release their secretions through ducts onto an epithelial surface. They include the sweat glands, salivary glands, and the mammary glands.

Function of Glands

The primary function of glands is to secrete hormones or other substances needed for various body functions. Hormones secreted by endocrine glands regulate various body functions such as metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, and mood. Exocrine glands, on the other hand, secrete substances such as sweat, saliva, and milk which serve various purposes in the body.

Diseases and Disorders

There are several diseases and disorders that can affect the glands, including:

• Diabetes: A condition that affects the pancreas, an endocrine gland, resulting in the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels.

• Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism: Conditions that affect the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much or too little thyroid hormone, respectively.

• Cushing's syndrome: A condition that affects the adrenal glands, causing them to produce too much cortisol.

Treatment

Treatment for gland disorders depends on the specific condition and may include medication, lifestyle changes, or in some cases, surgery.

See Also

• Endocrine system
• Hormone
• Endocrinology

Gland Resources
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