Allan Octavian Hume

A O Hume

Allan Octavian Hume
Born	6 June 1829 Montrose, Angus, Scotland
Died	31 July 1912 London, England
Nationality	British
Occupation	Civil servant, political reformer, ornithologist
Known for	Founding member of the Indian National Congress

Allan Octavian Hume (6 June 1829 – 31 July 1912) was a British civil servant, political reformer, and ornithologist in British India. He is best known as one of the founders of the Indian National Congress (INC), a pivotal organization in the Indian independence movement.

Early Life and Education

Hume was born in Montrose, Angus, Scotland, to Joseph Hume, a radical Member of Parliament. He was educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College and later at the University of Edinburgh.

Career in India

Hume joined the Indian Civil Service in 1849 and was posted to the North-Western Provinces. He served in various capacities, including as a magistrate and collector. His administrative skills and reformist zeal earned him a reputation as an efficient and fair officer.

Political Reforms

Hume was deeply concerned about the plight of the Indian populace under British rule. He advocated for political reforms and greater Indian participation in governance. In 1885, he played a crucial role in the formation of the Indian National Congress, which aimed to provide a platform for Indians to voice their grievances and aspirations.

Contributions to Ornithology

Hume was also a passionate ornithologist and is often referred to as the "Father of Indian Ornithology." He collected and documented numerous species of birds in India, contributing significantly to the field. His extensive collection of bird specimens was later donated to the Natural History Museum, London.

Later Life and Legacy

After retiring from the Indian Civil Service in 1882, Hume returned to England. He continued to be involved in political and social causes until his death in 1912. Hume's legacy endures through his contributions to both Indian political reform and ornithology.

See Also

• Indian National Congress
• Indian independence movement
• Ornithology
• British India