Allograft

allograft (A-loh-graft) The transplant of an organ, tissue, or cells from one individual to another individual of the same species who is not an identical twin. Bone allografts are commercially available from tissue banks.

Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (FDBA)

They are obtained from cortical bone within 12hrs of the death of the donor, defatted, cut in pieces, washed in absolute alcohol, and deep-frozen. The material is then demineralized, ground and sieved to a particle size of 250-750μm and freeze-dried before it is vacuum-sealed in glass vials. It is considered as a osteoconductive material and is slow to resorb and hence used in Guided tissue regeneration.

Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA)

Demineralization in cold, diluted hydrochloric acid exposes the components of bone matrix, which are closely associated with collagen fibrils and have been termed Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs). It is considered as a Osteoinductive graft and has a high osteogenic potential than FDBA. Studies have provided strong evidence that DFDBA in periodontal defects result in significant probing depth reduction, attachment level gain, and osseous regeneration. The combination of DFDBA and GTR has also proved to be very successful. However, limitations of the use of DFDBA include the possible although remote, potential of disease transfer from the cadaver.

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