Alpha-Lipoic acid

Alpha-Lipoic acid (also known as ALA, thioctic acid, or lipoic acid) is an organic compound that acts as a potent antioxidant in the body. It is a vital cofactor in several key enzyme systems, particularly those involved in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense.

Chemistry

Alpha-Lipoic acid is a sulfur-containing compound that is synthesized in small amounts by plants and animals, including humans. It is a chiral molecule, meaning it exists in two enantiomeric forms: R-lipoic acid and S-lipoic acid. The R-enantiomer is naturally occurring and has greater bioavailability and biological activity.

Biological role

In the human body, alpha-lipoic acid serves several important functions. It is a critical component of the mitochondrial enzyme complexes that convert nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of cells. It also acts as a powerful antioxidant, neutralizing harmful free radicals and helping to maintain the body's oxidative balance.

Health benefits

Research suggests that alpha-lipoic acid may have several potential health benefits. These include improving insulin sensitivity, reducing symptoms of peripheral neuropathy, and protecting against cognitive decline. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and determine optimal dosing strategies.

Safety and side effects

Alpha-Lipoic acid is generally considered safe when taken as a supplement in recommended doses. However, it can cause side effects such as nausea, abdominal pain, and allergic reactions in some people. It may also interact with certain medications, including insulin and other drugs for diabetes.

See also

• Antioxidant
• Mitochondria
• Enzyme
• Oxidative stress