Antacids
Substances that neutralize stomach acidity
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Antacids are substances that neutralize stomach acid and are used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. They are available over-the-counter and are commonly used to treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Antacids work by neutralizing the hydrochloric acid in the stomach, increasing the pH level and reducing acidity. This can provide relief from the burning sensation associated with heartburn and indigestion. The primary ingredients in antacids include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.
Types of Antacids[edit | edit source]
There are several types of antacids, each with different active ingredients:
- Magnesium-based antacids: These include magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate. They can cause diarrhea as a side effect.
- Aluminum-based antacids: These include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate. They can cause constipation.
- Calcium-based antacids: These include calcium carbonate. They can cause constipation and, in some cases, kidney stones.
- Sodium-based antacids: These include sodium bicarbonate. They can cause belching and flatulence.
Uses[edit | edit source]
Antacids are used to treat a variety of conditions related to excess stomach acid, including:
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
While antacids are generally safe for short-term use, they can cause side effects, especially if used excessively. Common side effects include:
- Diarrhea (more common with magnesium-based antacids)
- Constipation (more common with aluminum and calcium-based antacids)
- Belching and flatulence (more common with sodium bicarbonate)
Precautions[edit | edit source]
People with certain medical conditions should use antacids with caution. These conditions include:
Interactions[edit | edit source]
Antacids can interact with other medications, affecting their absorption and effectiveness. It is important to consult a healthcare provider before using antacids if you are taking other medications.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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