Argemone mexicana

Argemone mexicana MHNT.BOT.2018.28.22

Flower bud of prickly poppy

Protopine Structural Formula V1

Pollen grains of 'Mexican prickly poppy'

Group of Argemone Mexicana

Argemone mexicana

Argemone mexicana flower

Argemone mexicana, commonly known as the Mexican poppy or prickly poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is native to Mexico and the West Indies, but it has spread to many other regions, including the United States, India, and Africa. The plant is known for its distinctive yellow flowers and spiny leaves.

Description

Argemone mexicana is an annual herb that can grow up to 1 meter in height. The plant has bluish-green, lobed leaves with spiny margins. The flowers are bright yellow, with six petals and numerous stamens. The fruit is a spiny capsule that contains numerous small seeds.

Habitat

This plant thrives in a variety of habitats, including disturbed areas, roadsides, and agricultural fields. It is highly adaptable and can grow in poor, dry soils.

Uses

Argemone mexicana has been used in traditional medicine for various ailments. The seeds and latex of the plant contain alkaloids that have been used to treat skin diseases, jaundice, and other conditions. However, the plant is also known to be toxic, and its seeds can contaminate food crops, leading to health issues.

Toxicity

The seeds of Argemone mexicana contain toxic alkaloids such as sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. Ingesting these seeds can lead to a condition known as epidemic dropsy, which is characterized by swelling, glaucoma, and heart failure.

Control and Management

Due to its invasive nature, Argemone mexicana is considered a weed in many regions. Control methods include mechanical removal, herbicide application, and biological control using natural predators.

Related Species

• Argemone albiflora
• Argemone glauca
• Argemone ochroleuca

Related Pages

• Papaveraceae
• Invasive species
• Traditional medicine
• Epidemic dropsy