Atlantic

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceans, covering approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface. It is bounded by the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east. The Atlantic Ocean is crucial in the global climate system, especially through its thermohaline circulation which plays a significant role in redistributing heat and regulating weather patterns.

Geography

The Atlantic Ocean extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean or, depending on definition, to Antarctica in the south. It is connected to the Pacific Ocean to the southwest by the Drake Passage and to the Indian Ocean by the Cape of Good Hope. Major features within the Atlantic include the Bermuda Triangle, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and the Gulf Stream.

History

The name "Atlantic" is derived from the Atlas Mountains, which in turn have their name associated with the Greek mythological figure Atlas. The ocean's history is marked by important maritime explorations, including those by the Phoenicians, Christopher Columbus, and Vasco da Gama. These explorations were pivotal in establishing trade routes and enhancing cultural exchange.

Economy

The Atlantic Ocean is rich in natural resources, including fish, oil, and natural gas, making it a key area for fishing, oil drilling, and mining. Major ports along the Atlantic coast include New York City, London, and Rotterdam, which are crucial for international trade.

Environmental Issues

The Atlantic faces several environmental challenges, such as overfishing, marine pollution, and the effects of climate change on its marine ecosystems. Efforts are ongoing to address these issues through international cooperation and treaties.

Flora and Fauna

The Atlantic hosts a diverse range of marine life, including numerous species of fish, marine mammals like whales and dolphins, and coral reefs. The Sargasso Sea, located within the Atlantic, is notable for its unique seaweed and serves as an important habitat for marine species.

Cultural Significance

The Atlantic Ocean has been a significant figure in literature, folklore, and music, often symbolizing mystery and adventure. It also plays a crucial role in the heritage of many coastal communities, influencing their lifestyles and economies.

See also

• List of seas
• Oceanography