Bacterial endocarditis

Bacterial endocarditis is a serious, potentially life-threatening infection of the heart's inner lining or the heart valves. It is primarily caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling in the heart.

Causes

Bacterial endocarditis is typically caused by streptococci, staphylococci, or enterococci bacteria. These bacteria can enter the bloodstream through various means, including dental procedures, surgeries, or intravenous drug use.

Symptoms

Symptoms of bacterial endocarditis can vary greatly from person to person, but often include fever, chills, fatigue, aching joints and muscles, night sweats, shortness of breath, paleness, and unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, and imaging tests such as an echocardiogram.

Treatment

Treatment for bacterial endocarditis usually involves high-dose antibiotics, often given intravenously. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair or replace damaged heart valves.

Prevention

Prevention of bacterial endocarditis involves good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and avoiding intravenous drug use. In some cases, prophylactic antibiotics may be given before certain medical or dental procedures.

See also

• Infective endocarditis
• Subacute bacterial endocarditis
• Endocarditis