Brazilian jiu-jitsu

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== Brazilian jiu-jitsu ==

Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a martial art and combat sport system that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting. BJJ was developed from the techniques of Kodokan judo and was adapted and modified by the Gracie family in Brazil.

History

The origins of Brazilian jiu-jitsu can be traced back to the early 20th century when Mitsuyo Maeda, a Japanese judoka, traveled to Brazil and taught judo to Carlos Gracie. Carlos, along with his brothers, particularly Helio Gracie, adapted and refined these techniques, emphasizing leverage and ground fighting, which became the foundation of Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

Techniques

BJJ is known for its wide variety of techniques, including joint locks, chokes, and positional control. The primary goal is to control and submit the opponent using these techniques. Some of the key positions in BJJ include the guard, mount, side control, and back control.

Guard

The guard is a fundamental position in BJJ where the practitioner on the bottom uses their legs to control the opponent on top. There are various types of guards, such as the closed guard, open guard, and half guard.

Mount

The mount is a dominant position where the practitioner sits on top of the opponent's chest. From this position, the practitioner can apply various submissions or strikes.

Side Control

Side control is a position where the practitioner is on top of the opponent, controlling them from the side. This position allows for transitions to other dominant positions or submissions.

Back Control

Back control is a highly advantageous position where the practitioner is behind the opponent, often with hooks in to control the opponent's hips. This position is ideal for applying chokes.

Belt System

BJJ uses a belt system to signify the practitioner's level of skill and experience. The belt ranks for adults are white, blue, purple, brown, and black. There are also additional degrees and stripes that can be earned at each belt level.

Competitions

BJJ competitions are held worldwide and are governed by various organizations, such as the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJJF). Competitors are matched based on their belt level, weight class, and age. Matches are typically won by points, submission, or referee decision.

Self-Defense

In addition to its sport aspect, BJJ is also an effective self-defense system. It teaches practitioners how to defend themselves against larger and stronger opponents by using technique and leverage.

Influence on Mixed Martial Arts

BJJ has had a significant impact on the development of mixed martial arts (MMA). Many successful MMA fighters have a background in BJJ, and the art's techniques are widely used in MMA competitions.

Related Pages

• Martial arts
• Grappling
• Kodokan judo
• Gracie family
• International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation
• Mixed martial arts