CENPN

Overview of the CENPN protein and its role in cell division

Centromere protein N (CENPN) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPN gene. CENPN is a component of the centromere, a region of the chromosome that is essential for proper chromosome segregation during cell division.

Function

CENPN is a part of the kinetochore, a complex protein structure that assembles on the centromere and is crucial for the attachment of microtubules during mitosis and meiosis. The kinetochore serves as the point of contact between the chromosome and the spindle fibers, ensuring accurate chromosome alignment and segregation.

CENPN specifically plays a role in the early stages of kinetochore assembly. It is involved in the recruitment of other kinetochore proteins and is necessary for the proper function of the mitotic spindle.

Structure

CENPN is a protein composed of several domains that facilitate its interaction with other centromere and kinetochore proteins. The structure of CENPN allows it to bind to CENP-A, a histone H3 variant that is specifically found at the centromere, and other components of the CCAN (constitutive centromere-associated network).

Clinical significance

Mutations or dysregulation of CENPN can lead to improper chromosome segregation, which is a hallmark of many cancers. Understanding the function and regulation of CENPN is important for developing potential therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with chromosomal instability.

Research

Research on CENPN involves studying its interactions with other centromere proteins, its role in kinetochore assembly, and its impact on cell cycle progression. Techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, RNA interference, and immunoprecipitation are commonly used to investigate the function of CENPN.

Also see

• Centromere
• Kinetochore
• CENP-A
• Chromosome segregation
• Mitosis
• Meiosis