Candidal vulvovaginitis

Candidal vulvovaginitis‏‎, also known as yeast infection or thrush, is a common infection of the vagina caused by the Candida species of fungus. It is characterized by itching, burning, and a thick, white discharge.

Causes

The primary cause of candidal vulvovaginitis is an overgrowth of the Candida fungus, which is normally present in the vagina in small amounts. This overgrowth can be triggered by a variety of factors, including antibiotic use, pregnancy, diabetes, and a weakened immune system.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of candidal vulvovaginitis include itching and burning in the vaginal area, pain during sexual intercourse, and a thick, white discharge that resembles cottage cheese. Some women may also experience redness and swelling of the vulva.

Diagnosis

Candidal vulvovaginitis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. In some cases, a sample of the vaginal discharge may be taken and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of the Candida fungus.

Treatment

Treatment for candidal vulvovaginitis typically involves the use of antifungal medication, either in the form of a cream or a pill. In some cases, long-term treatment may be necessary to prevent recurrent infections.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for candidal vulvovaginitis include maintaining good personal hygiene, avoiding the use of tight-fitting underwear, and avoiding douching, which can disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina.

See also

• Vaginitis
• Candidiasis
• Sexually transmitted infection