Cook islands

Cook Islands

Official name	Cook Islands
Common name	Cook Islands
Motto
Anthem
Flag
Coat of arms
Capital	Avarua
Largest city	Avarua
Government	Parliamentary democracy
Legislature

The Cook Islands is a self-governing island country in the South Pacific Ocean in free association with New Zealand. It comprises 15 islands whose total land area is 236.7 square kilometers (91.4 sq mi). The Cook Islands' Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1,800,000 square kilometers (690,000 sq mi) of ocean.

Geography

The Cook Islands are located in the South Pacific Ocean, northeast of New Zealand, between French Polynesia and American Samoa. The islands are divided into two distinct groups: the Southern Cook Islands and the Northern Cook Islands.

Southern Cook Islands

The Southern Cook Islands include the islands of Rarotonga, Aitutaki, Atiu, Mangaia, Mauke, Mitiaro, and Palmerston Island. Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island, and it is home to the capital city, Avarua.

Northern Cook Islands

The Northern Cook Islands consist of the islands of Manihiki, Nassau Island, Penrhyn Island, Pukapuka, Rakahanga, and Suwarrow. These islands are more remote and less populated than the southern group.

History

The Cook Islands were first settled by Polynesians in the 6th century. The islands were named after the British navigator Captain James Cook, who visited them in the 1770s. In 1888, the Cook Islands became a British protectorate, and in 1901, they were annexed by New Zealand.

In 1965, the Cook Islands became a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand. This means that while the Cook Islands are self-governing, New Zealand is responsible for their defense and foreign affairs, although these responsibilities are exercised in consultation with the Cook Islands.

Government and Politics

The Cook Islands have a parliamentary democracy with a unicameral parliament. The head of state is the Monarch of New Zealand, represented by the Queen's Representative. The head of government is the Prime Minister.

Economy

The economy of the Cook Islands is based on tourism, agriculture, and fishing. Tourism is the largest industry, with visitors attracted to the islands' natural beauty and cultural heritage. The Cook Islands also export black pearls, fish, and fruit.

Culture

The culture of the Cook Islands is a blend of Polynesian heritage and European influences. Traditional music, dance, and crafts are important aspects of Cook Islands culture. The islands celebrate several cultural festivals, including the annual Te Maeva Nui festival, which marks the Cook Islands' self-governance.

Demographics

The population of the Cook Islands is predominantly of Polynesian descent. The official languages are English and Cook Islands Māori. The majority of the population is Christian, with the Cook Islands Christian Church being the largest denomination.

Health

The Cook Islands have a healthcare system that provides services to its residents. The main hospital is the Rarotonga Hospital, located in the capital, Avarua. Healthcare services are also available on some of the outer islands, although access can be limited.

Education

Education in the Cook Islands is compulsory for children between the ages of 5 and 15. The education system is modeled after the New Zealand system, and English is the primary language of instruction. The Cook Islands have several primary and secondary schools, as well as a campus of the University of the South Pacific.

Transport

The Cook Islands have a network of roads on the main islands, with Rarotonga having the most developed infrastructure. The islands are served by Rarotonga International Airport, which connects the Cook Islands to New Zealand and other Pacific destinations. Inter-island travel is primarily by air and sea.

See also

• List of islands of the Cook Islands
• Politics of the Cook Islands
• Economy of the Cook Islands