Corrosive Sublimate

Corrosive Sublimate

Corrosive sublimate, also known as mercuric chloride, is a chemical compound with the formula HgCl₂. It is a white crystalline solid and a laboratory reagent. It is highly toxic and was historically used as a disinfectant and preservative.

Properties

Corrosive sublimate is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. It has a melting point of 276 °C and a boiling point of 302 °C. The compound is highly toxic and corrosive, and it can cause severe damage to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon contact.

Uses

Historically, corrosive sublimate was used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. It was also used in the preservation of biological specimens and in the treatment of syphilis. However, due to its high toxicity, its use in medicine has been largely discontinued.

In the laboratory, mercuric chloride is used as a reagent in various chemical reactions. It is used in the preparation of other mercury compounds and as a catalyst in organic synthesis.

Toxicity

Corrosive sublimate is highly toxic and can be fatal if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can cause severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and central nervous system. Symptoms of poisoning include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and renal failure.

Due to its toxicity, the use of corrosive sublimate is strictly regulated, and it must be handled with care in a controlled environment.

Safety Precautions

When handling corrosive sublimate, it is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats. Work with the compound should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent inhalation of vapors. In case of contact with skin or eyes, the affected area should be rinsed immediately with plenty of water.

Also see

• Mercury poisoning
• Disinfectant
• Antiseptic
• Chemical safety