Cyclic di-AMP

Cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a bacterial second messenger that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes. It is a nucleotide signaling molecule found in many bacteria and some archaea.

Function

Cyclic di-AMP is involved in the regulation of osmotic pressure, cell wall homeostasis, and DNA repair. It acts as a signaling molecule that helps bacteria adapt to changes in their environment. The molecule is synthesized by diadenylate cyclase enzymes and degraded by specific phosphodiesterases.

Biological Importance

Cyclic di-AMP is essential for the growth and virulence of several pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. It is involved in the regulation of potassium ion transport and peptidoglycan synthesis, which are critical for maintaining cell wall integrity.

Mechanism of Action

Cyclic di-AMP binds to various protein receptors and riboswitches, modulating their activity. This interaction influences numerous cellular pathways, including metabolism, stress response, and virulence factor production.

Research and Applications

Research on cyclic di-AMP has revealed its potential as a target for antibiotic development. Inhibiting its synthesis or function could lead to new treatments for bacterial infections. Additionally, cyclic di-AMP is being studied for its role in immune system activation, as it can act as an immunostimulant.

See Also

• Cyclic di-GMP
• Second messenger system
• Bacterial signaling

External Links

• [Cyclic di-AMP at PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cyclic-di-AMP)