Desmoglein-2

Desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DSG2 gene. It is a member of the desmoglein family and cadherin cell adhesion molecule superfamily of proteins. Desmoglein-2 plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of desmosome structures, which are critical for cell adhesion and cohesion in epithelial cells.

Structure

Desmoglein-2 is a single-pass type I membrane protein. It is composed of a large extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a small cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular domain contains five cadherin repeats, which are involved in mediating calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion.

Function

Desmoglein-2 is a component of desmosomes, intercellular junctions that tightly link adjacent cells. Through its interaction with other proteins, it helps to establish and maintain the structural integrity of these junctions. Desmoglein-2 is essential for the proper functioning of the heart, skin, and other tissues.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the DSG2 gene are associated with several diseases, including arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), a rare heart condition, and pemphigus, a group of autoimmune skin disorders. In addition, overexpression of DSG2 has been observed in various types of cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression.

See also

• Desmoglein
• Desmosome
• Cadherin