Desmoglein-3

Desmoglein-3 (DSG3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DSG3 gene. It is a member of the desmoglein subfamily of cadherins, which are calcium-binding transmembrane glycoproteins that play a critical role in the formation of desmosomes. Desmosomes are specialized cellular structures that facilitate cell-cell adhesion, providing mechanical strength to tissues.

Function

Desmoglein-3 is primarily expressed in the epidermis and mucous membranes. It is crucial for the maintenance of epithelial cell integrity and the structural cohesion of keratinocytes. The protein is involved in the formation of desmosomal junctions, which are essential for the proper functioning of stratified squamous epithelium.

Clinical significance

Mutations or autoantibodies against desmoglein-3 can lead to pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly targets desmoglein-3, disrupting cell adhesion and causing epidermal cells to separate, leading to acantholysis.

Research

Studies have shown that desmoglein-3 is also involved in cell signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. It has been implicated in the progression of certain cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma.

See also

• Desmoglein
• Desmosome
• Pemphigus vulgaris
• Autoimmune disease

External links

• Template:GeneReviews
• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 169615