Exanthem

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(Redirected from Exanthematous)

Exanthem[edit | edit source]

Overview[edit | edit source]

Illustration of Exanthem, showcasing a widespread acute rash on the skin.

Exanthem refers to a widespread, acute rash that appears on the skin. It is commonly associated with viral infections, allergies, or as a reaction to medications. Exanthems are especially prevalent in children and can be a key indicator of certain diseases.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Exanthem can be triggered by various factors:

  • Viral Infections: Such as measles, rubella, and chickenpox.
  • Bacterial Infections: Including scarlet fever and certain forms of meningitis.
  • Drug Reactions: Some medications can cause allergic skin reactions.
  • Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like lupus may present with exanthematic rashes.

Types of Exanthem[edit | edit source]

Exanthem is categorized into several types, each with distinct characteristics:

  • Exanthem Subitum (Roseola Infantum): Characterized by high fever and a rash that appears as the fever subsides.
  • Rubella (German Measles): Features fine, pink rashes.
  • Measles (Rubeola): Known for its large, flat blotches that flow into one another.
  • Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease): Causes a “slapped cheek” appearance in children.
  • Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: Presents with sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosing exanthem involves:

  • Clinical Examination: Assessing the type, location, and pattern of the rash.
  • Medical History: Reviewing symptoms and exposure to potential triggers.
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood tests, throat swabs, or skin biopsies, if necessary.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment of exanthem varies based on the underlying cause:

  • Viral Exanthems: Generally require no treatment, as they resolve on their own.
  • Bacterial Infections: Treated with antibiotics.
  • Allergic Reactions: Managed with antihistamines or steroids.
  • Supportive Care: Includes hydration and fever management.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Preventive measures include:

  • Vaccinations: Against diseases like measles and rubella.
  • Good Hygiene Practices: To reduce the risk of infection.
  • Avoiding Known Allergens: If allergic reactions are the cause.

See Also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


External Links[edit | edit source]


Exanthem Resources

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Contributors: Kondreddy Naveen, Dr.T