Glassy cell carcinoma

Glassy cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of adenocarcinoma, primarily found in the female reproductive system, particularly the cervix. It was first described by Laskowski in 1956 and is characterized by its distinctive "glassy" appearance under the microscope.

Epidemiology

Glassy cell carcinoma accounts for less than 1% of all cervical cancer cases. It is most commonly diagnosed in women in their 30s and 40s, although it can occur at any age. The incidence rate is not influenced by race or ethnicity.

Pathology

The name "glassy cell carcinoma" comes from the tumor cells' appearance under the microscope. They are large, round, and have a "glassy" or clear cytoplasm. The nuclei are typically eccentric and hyperchromatic. The tumor cells are often arranged in nests or sheets.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with glassy cell carcinoma typically present with abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or a visible cervical mass. However, due to the aggressive nature of this cancer, many patients are asymptomatic until the disease has advanced.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of glassy cell carcinoma is made through a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen. The distinctive histological features of the tumor cells aid in the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for glassy cell carcinoma typically involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with glassy cell carcinoma is generally poor, due to the aggressive nature of the disease and its tendency to metastasize early. However, early detection and treatment can improve survival rates.

See Also

• Adenocarcinoma
• Cervical cancer
• Cancer staging
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy