Guanylate cyclase activator 2B

Guanylate cyclase activator 2B (GUCA2B), also known as Uroguanylin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GUCA2B gene. It is a member of the guanylate cyclase activating protein family and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Function

GUCA2B is a preproprotein that is synthesized in the small intestine and processed to produce uroguanylin. Uroguanylin is a hormone that regulates the balance of salt and water in the body. It does this by binding to the guanylate cyclase receptor found in the lining of the gut and the kidney. This binding activates the receptor, leading to an increase in the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP is a second messenger that controls the movement of salt and water across cell membranes.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the GUCA2B gene have been associated with various medical conditions. For instance, mutations in this gene have been linked to diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Additionally, research has shown that uroguanylin levels may be decreased in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes, suggesting a potential role for this hormone in these conditions.

See also

• Guanylate cyclase
• Homeostasis
• Hormone
• Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes