Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates

Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH) are a range of sugar alcohols that are produced by the hydrogenation of glucose derived from starch. They are primarily used as sweeteners and bulking agents in a variety of food products, including confectionery, baked goods, and ice cream.

Production

The production of Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates involves two main steps. The first is the hydrolysis of starch to produce a mixture of glucose and other monosaccharides. This is typically achieved through the use of acids or enzymes. The second step is the hydrogenation of this mixture, which involves the addition of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, typically nickel. This process converts the glucose and other monosaccharides into a range of sugar alcohols, including sorbitol, maltitol, and mannitol.

Properties

Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates are characterized by their low caloric value, high sweetness intensity, and excellent stability. They are also highly soluble and have a low glycemic index, making them suitable for use in products aimed at diabetics and those following a low-carbohydrate diet. In addition, they have good humectant properties, which means they can help to retain moisture in food products, thereby extending their shelf life.

Uses

Due to their properties, Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates are used in a wide range of food products. They are commonly used as sweeteners in sugar-free and reduced-sugar products, as well as in products designed for diabetics. They are also used as bulking agents in a variety of products, including confectionery, baked goods, and ice cream. In addition, they are used in pharmaceutical products, such as cough syrups and lozenges, due to their humectant properties.

Health Effects

While Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates are generally recognized as safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), they can cause gastrointestinal discomfort if consumed in large amounts. This is because they are not fully digested in the small intestine, and so can ferment in the large intestine, leading to gas and bloating. However, these effects are typically mild and can be reduced by gradually increasing consumption over time.