Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

From WikiMD's Wellnesspedia

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

File:Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State.jpg
Illustration of Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

The Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS), also known as Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS), is a serious complication that can occur in individuals with diabetes. It is characterized by extremely high blood sugar levels, extreme dehydration, and a decreased level of consciousness.

Overview[edit | edit source]

HHS is most commonly seen in individuals with Type 2 diabetes, but it can occur in those with Type 1 diabetes as well. It is often triggered by an illness or infection, and can lead to severe dehydration, coma, and even death if not treated promptly.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of HHS can develop over a few days or weeks, and may include:

  • Extreme thirst
  • Frequent urination
  • Dry skin and mouth
  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Confusion or difficulty concentrating

Causes[edit | edit source]

HHS is caused by extremely high blood sugar levels, often in combination with dehydration. This can be triggered by a variety of factors, including:

  • Illness or infection
  • Inadequate insulin therapy
  • Certain medications
  • Undiagnosed or poorly controlled diabetes

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for HHS typically involves hospitalization and may include:

  • Intravenous fluids to treat dehydration
  • Insulin therapy to lower blood sugar levels
  • Treatment of any underlying illness or infection

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention of HHS involves careful management of diabetes, including regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, proper medication use, and regular medical check-ups.

See Also[edit | edit source]

Wiki.png

Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD


Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. See full disclaimer.

Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.


Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD