Jefferson County, Washington

Cedar Creek Abbey Island Ruby Beach

Hoh river in spring

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US 101 (1961)

WA-20

WA-104

Jefferson County, Washington is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 32,221. The county seat and only incorporated city is Port Townsend. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States. Jefferson County is part of the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is situated on the Olympic Peninsula, bordered by Clallam County to the west, Kitsap County to the east across Puget Sound, and Mason County to the south/southeast. The county also encompasses the western part of the Olympic National Park.

History

Jefferson County was formed out of Thurston County on December 22, 1852, by the Washington Territorial Legislature. Early industry in the county included logging, fishing, and agriculture. The establishment of the Olympic National Park in 1938 significantly impacted the local economy by promoting conservation and tourism.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,183 square miles, of which 1,804 square miles is land and 379 square miles (17%) is water. The county's geography is characterized by rugged terrain and a significant amount of rainforest, part of which is protected within the Olympic National Park. The county's coastline along the Pacific Ocean and Puget Sound includes numerous bays, inlets, and islands.

Demographics

As of the 2020 Census, Jefferson County had a population of 32,221. The racial makeup of the county was predominantly White, with small percentages of African American, Asian, Native American, and other races. The median income for a household in the county was above the national average, reflecting a relatively affluent population.

Economy

The economy of Jefferson County has traditionally been based on natural resources, including timber, fishing, and shellfish farming. In recent years, there has been a shift towards tourism, especially related to outdoor activities and the arts. Port Townsend is known for its historic buildings, art galleries, and as a center for boat building and maritime activities.

Government

Jefferson County is governed by a three-member Board of County Commissioners, elected by the citizens. The county government oversees public services such as law enforcement, public health, and road maintenance. Jefferson County is part of the 6th Congressional District of Washington and votes in state and national elections.

Education

The county is served by several public school districts, including the Port Townsend School District. There are also private educational institutions and opportunities for higher education through extensions of state universities and community colleges.

Culture and Recreation

Jefferson County offers a wide range of recreational activities, including hiking, kayaking, and bird watching in the Olympic National Park and other natural areas. The county hosts several festivals and events throughout the year, such as the Wooden Boat Festival in Port Townsend. The arts scene is vibrant, with numerous galleries, theaters, and music venues.

Transportation

Transportation in Jefferson County includes a network of state highways, with U.S. Route 101 being the primary highway running through the county. Public transportation is provided by Jefferson Transit, which offers bus service within the county and connections to neighboring counties. The county is also served by ferries, connecting it to other parts of the Puget Sound region.