L-Cycloserine

L-Cycloserine

0L-Cycloserine is a pharmacological agent used primarily as an antibiotic to treat tuberculosis. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is also used in the treatment of various other bacterial infections. L-Cycloserine is a second-line drug, meaning it is used when first-line drugs are not effective or cannot be used due to side effects or resistance.

Chemistry

L-Cycloserine is a cyclic analog of the amino acid D-alanine. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is soluble in water. Its chemical name is 4-amino-3-isoxazolidinone.

Mechanism of Action

L-Cycloserine works by inhibiting the enzymes alanine racemase and D-alanyl-D-alanine synthetase. These enzymes are involved in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. By inhibiting these enzymes, L-Cycloserine prevents the bacteria from forming a complete cell wall, which is essential for their survival.

Clinical Use

L-Cycloserine is used in the treatment of tuberculosis, especially in cases where the disease is resistant to first-line drugs. It is also used in the treatment of other bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections and meningitis.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of L-Cycloserine include nausea, headache, dizziness, and confusion. In rare cases, it can cause serious side effects such as seizures, depression, and anxiety.

Pharmacokinetics

L-Cycloserine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.

See Also

• Tuberculosis
• Antibiotic
• Pharmacology

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