Lilium columbianum

Lilium columbianum, commonly known as the Columbia Lily or Tiger Lily, is a species of lily native to western North America. It is a perennial, bulb-forming plant that grows in forests and meadows, and is notable for its bright orange, spotted flowers.

Description

The Lilium columbianum grows from a small, white, scaly bulb, which can produce up to 20 stems. The stems are erect, and can reach up to 1.2 meters in height. The leaves are lanceolate, and are arranged in whorls along the stem. The flowers are nodding, with recurved petals that are orange with dark spots. The fruit is a three-celled capsule.

Distribution and habitat

Lilium columbianum is native to western North America, from British Columbia in Canada south to California, and east to Idaho and Nevada in the United States. It is found in a variety of habitats, including forests, meadows, and grasslands, and is often found in moist, well-drained soils.

Ecology

The flowers of the Lilium columbianum are pollinated by hummingbirds and certain species of bees. The plant is also a food source for the larvae of the Western Tiger Swallowtail butterfly.

Cultivation

Lilium columbianum is cultivated as an ornamental plant. It prefers well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. The bulbs can be propagated by division in the fall.

Uses

The bulbs of the Lilium columbianum were traditionally used by Native American tribes as a food source. They were either eaten raw or cooked, and were often used in soups and stews.

Conservation

While Lilium columbianum is not currently considered threatened, its habitat is being lost due to urban development and agriculture.

See also

• List of Lilium species
• Flora of North America