List of U.S. states and territories by income

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Map of states by median household income in 2019

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Map of US states by average annual growth of median household income, 2010-2019

List of U.S. states and territories by income refers to the ranking of the United States' states and territories based on the median household income. This data is crucial for understanding economic disparities, living standards, and the distribution of wealth across different regions of the country. The United States Census Bureau regularly collects and publishes this information, which is used by policymakers, researchers, and the public to gauge economic health and to allocate resources.

Overview

The median household income is a widely used measure of the economic performance of an area. It represents the income level at which half of the households earn more and half earn less. This metric is considered more representative of the typical household than the average income, which can be skewed by very high or very low incomes.

Income Data

Income data for U.S. states and territories can vary significantly due to a variety of factors, including cost of living, industrial composition, and employment opportunities. States with a high concentration of technology, finance, and education sectors often have higher median incomes, while those with economies based on agriculture or with limited industrial diversity may have lower median incomes.

Top States by Median Household Income

As of the latest data, the states with the highest median household income typically include:

• Maryland
• New Jersey
• Hawaii
• Massachusetts
• Connecticut

These states benefit from a mix of high-paying industries, proximity to major economic centers, and a high level of educational attainment among their populations.

Territories and Lower-Income States

U.S. territories and certain states often report lower median household incomes. The territories, including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, face unique economic challenges that contribute to lower income levels. Similarly, states like Mississippi, West Virginia, and Arkansas are often at the lower end of the income scale, reflecting broader economic challenges.

Economic Implications

The distribution of income across states and territories has significant implications for economic policy, social services, and quality of life. Higher-income areas may have more resources for education, healthcare, and infrastructure, while lower-income areas may struggle to provide these services. This disparity highlights the importance of targeted economic development and social programs to address inequality.

Future Trends

Income levels across the U.S. states and territories are influenced by global economic trends, technological advancements, and shifts in the labor market. As such, the list of states and territories by income can change over time, reflecting the dynamic nature of the U.S. economy.