Loxoprofen

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Loxoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is widely prescribed for the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with various conditions such as arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, and postoperative pain.

Pharmacology

Loxoprofen works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are compounds involved in the mediation of inflammation and pain. It is a prodrug, meaning it is metabolized in the body to its active form, trans-OH loxoprofen, which exerts the therapeutic effects.

Mechanism of Action

The primary mechanism of action of loxoprofen involves the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. By blocking these enzymes, loxoprofen reduces the production of prostaglandins, thereby decreasing inflammation and pain.

Clinical Uses

Loxoprofen is indicated for the management of:

• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Acute musculoskeletal pain
• Postoperative pain

Administration and Dosage

Loxoprofen is available in various forms, including oral tablets and topical formulations. The typical oral dosage for adults is 60 mg taken three times a day. The dosage may be adjusted based on the patient's response and the severity of the condition.

Side Effects

Common side effects of loxoprofen include:

• Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and dyspepsia
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Rash

Serious side effects, although rare, may include gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer, and renal impairment.

Contraindications

Loxoprofen is contraindicated in patients with:

• Known hypersensitivity to loxoprofen or other NSAIDs
• History of asthma attacks, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs
• Active peptic ulcer disease
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment

Precautions

Caution is advised when prescribing loxoprofen to patients with:

• Cardiovascular disease
• Hypertension
• Liver disease
• Kidney disease

Interactions

Loxoprofen may interact with other medications, including:

• Anticoagulants such as warfarin
• Other NSAIDs
• Corticosteroids
• Diuretics
• ACE inhibitors

See Also

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• Prostaglandin
• Cyclooxygenase