MMMT

Malignant Mixed Müllerian Tumor (MMMT) is a rare form of cancer that primarily affects the female reproductive system. It is also known as Carcinosarcoma due to its dual nature, exhibiting both carcinomatous (epithelial tissue) and sarcomatous (connective tissue) components.

Epidemiology

MMMT is most commonly diagnosed in postmenopausal women, with the average age of diagnosis being around 60 years. It accounts for approximately 1-2% of all uterine cancers.

Pathogenesis

The exact cause of MMMT is unknown, but it is believed to be associated with certain risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and prolonged use of estrogen without progesterone.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with MMMT often present with abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and an enlarged uterus. However, these symptoms are not specific to MMMT and can be seen in many other gynecological conditions.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of MMMT is typically made through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI, and histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen.

Treatment

Treatment options for MMMT include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the disease, the patient's overall health, and the patient's personal preferences.

Prognosis

The prognosis for MMMT is generally poor, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 30%. Factors that can affect prognosis include the stage of the disease at diagnosis, the patient's age and overall health, and the response to treatment.

See Also

• Cancer
• Uterine cancer
• Carcinosarcoma

MMMT Resources
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